Barker, G: b-Quark Physics with the LEP Collider - The Development of Experimental Techniques for b-Quark Studies from Z-Decay

Összefoglaló

liketothankthepeopleatSpringer,especiallyUteHeuserforherprofessionalh- dlingoftheprojectandpatiencewithmyregularfailuretomeetdeadlines. UniversityofWarwick,UK GaryJ. Barker September2009 vii Contents 1 b-physics at LEP............................................... 1 1. 1 Introduction................................................ 1 1. 2 TheLEPMachineandExperiments............................ 3 1. 3 b-PhysicsOverview.......................................... 4 1. 3. 1 b-QuarkProduction................................... 7 b 1. 3. 2 Forward-BackwardAsymmetry A..................... 7 FB 1. 3. 3 R.................................................. 9 b 1. 3. 4 HeavyQuarkSymmetry................................ 10 1. 3. 5 b-QuarkFragmentation................................ 10 1. 3. 6 b-HadronSpectroscopy................................ 12 1. 3. 7 b-HadronProductionFractions.......................... 13 1. 3. 8 Weakb-QuarkDecay.................................. 13 1. 4 Combiningb-PhysicsResults.................................. 18 1. 4. 1 AveragingofElectroweakHeavyFlavourQuantities........ 19 1. 4. 2 AveragingofNon-electroweakHeavyFlavourQuantities.... 20 References...................................................... 20 2 Silicon Vertex Detectors and Particle Identi?cation................. 23 2. 1 Silicon-StripVertexDetectors................................. 23 2. 2 ParticleIdenti?cation......................................... 29 2. 2. 1 Speci?cIonisationEnergyLoss,dE/dx.................. 30 ? 2. 2. 2 CerenkovRingImaging............................... 31 2. 2. 3 OverallDetectorPerformance.......................... 32 References...................................................... 34 0 ¯ 3 Experience in Reconstructing Z ? bb Events...................... 37 3. 1 ImpactParameterandDecayLength........................... 37 3. 1. 1 ClusterFinding...................................... 40 3. 1. 2 TrackFittingandPatternRecognition.................... 41 3. 1. 3 VertexDetectorAlignment............................. 43 3. 1. 4 SingleHitUncertainties................................ 49 3. 1. 5 ResolutionTuning....................................